Teacher : Right. From now on we will use English in the English class. Everybody, what do you think? Are you ready? Students : Yes, Ma'am. To get students' attention, the teacher says,

harmful consequences to the drug addict and those around them. Drug addiction is a brain disease because the abuse of drugs leads to changes in the structure and function of the brain. Although it is true that for most people the initial decision to take drugs is voluntary, over time the changes in the brain caused by repeated drug abuse can impair a person's self-control and ability to make sound decisions, and at the same time create an intense impulse to take drugs. Long-term drug abuse causes changes in other brain chemical systems and circuits, as well. Brain imaging studies of drug- addicted individuals show changes in areas of the brain that are critical to judgment, decision-making, learning and memory, and behavior control. Together, these changes can drive an abuser to seek out and take drugs compulsively -- in other words, to become addicted to drugs. While these brain changes can powerfully influence behavior and the impulse to use drugs, people in the midst of an addiction do not completely lose their ability to exercise judgment and make decisions; their desire to stop using drugs and pursue treatment hinges on the wish to live sober. As with many chronic, relapsing disorders, recovery then becomes an active lifelong process. Drug addiction can be a preventable disease. Research has shown that prevention programs that involve the family, schools, communities, and the media are effective in reducing drug abuse. Although many events and cultural factors affect drug abuse trends, when youths perceive drug abuse as harmful, they reduce their arug taking. It is necessary, therefore, to help youth and the general public to understand the risks of drug abuse and for teachers, parents, and health care professionals to keep sending the message that drug addiction can be prevented if a person never abuses drugs. 41. How can we compare the 2nd and the 3rd paragraphs? A. Both paragraphs tell about the brain damage caused by drug addiction. B. While the 2nd paragraph tells about changes in other brain chemical systems, the 3rd one tells about the prevention. C. Both paragraphs tell how to get rid of drug addiction D. The 2nd paragraph tells about the damage in other brain chemical systems, the3rd one tells about rehabilitation of the users. E. Both paragraphs tell about the ways how to prevent drug addiction. 42. "...when youths perceive drug abuse as harmful, they reduce their drug taking." (Paragraph 3) What is the closest meaning of the underlined word? A. Perform B. Recognize C. Show D. Resists E. Discuss

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The Empty Pot Once upon a time, an emperor needed to select a successor to his throne. The emperor was old and had no children. Because he loved flowers and plants, he decided to call the children in the kingdom and gave cach a seed. He said that the child who could show the best results within six months would win the contest and she/he would become the next to wear the crown. Every child in the kingdom wanted to win the competition. There was a huge crowd of children in the palace on the day when the emperor gave the seeds. Each child returned home with one seed. One of the children was Jhrunk. He was a good gardener, even people said that he was the best young gardener in his village. He carefully carried the emperor's seed, and when he got home he put it into a pot and tried to plant it properly. One week later, Jhronk-another child-an-nounced that his seed was sprouting through the soil. Jhranky was a girl who said that a tiny plant had emerged from her pot. Then many other kids into a tiny plant. Jhrunk was puzzled-none of these said the same that the seed had changed the form children could grow plants as well as him! But Jhrunk's seed did not grow. Jhrunk was confused-what was wrong? He carefully repotted his seed into a new pot. He changed the method, but still his seed did not grow. Six months passed. The children had to bring their plants to the palace. Jhronk, Jhranky and other children cleaned their pots. Then they prepared themselves by dressing in their finest clothes. Some mothers or fathers walked along side their children to hold the plants. "What will I do?', Jhrunk asked his parents. "My seed wouldn't grow. My pot is empty. You did the best you could do,' said his father. Thrunk, just bring your pot to the emperor," said his mother, 'and tell the real thing. It was the best you could do. Jhrunk carried his empty pot to the palace. He felt a shame, but he agreed to what his parents said. It was the best thing he could do. He had tried his best. At the palace, all the children lined up in rows. They brought their blossoming plants. Then the em-peror checked the plants one by one. When he came to Jhrunk, he scowled even more and said, "What is it? You brought me an empty pot? If you are pleased, Your Majesty,' said Jhrunk, 'I tried the best. I planted your seed with the best soil. I kept and I watched it everyday. When the seed didn't grow, I repotted it in a new soil. I even repotted it again. But it didn't grow. I'm sorry, Jhrunk hang his head. Hmm,' said the emperor. 'I should choose you as my successor.' He continued. Everybody was sur-prised. But then the emperor said, 'I don't know where all these children got their seed. There is no way anything could grow the seed I gave for the contest. I had boiled all the seeds. And he smiled at Jhrunk and said, "You are the only child honest enough to return with an empty pot. Who participated in the compitition?

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Change the following direct speech into reported sentences. Julia, a lobby operator, received some phone calls. She then reported the phone messages to some people in her office. 1. A message from Rudy to Diana: "I can do the night shift tomorrow." 2. A message from Firda Hamid to Andy Rusadi: "Please call me as soon as possible." 3. A message from Mr. Budi Laksono to shift supervisor: "Can you tell her that Budi Laksono called?" 4. A message from XYZ Paper to Jimmy Bowo: "Please tell him that we sent the package yesterday." 5. A message from Benny to Mia: "Can you ask her to meet me in the canteen during lunch time?" 6. A message from Mr. Fred Kelleher to Mr. Abiyoso: "Please ask Mr. Abiyoso to call Mr. Kelleher at 718-555-1111. Anytime, today or tomorrow." 7. A message from Ms. Rita Ang to Mr. Tommy Siregar: "The next board meeting is postponed to Monday, 12th of October at 10 a.m." 8. A message from a security to Indra Jaya: "A package has been sent to him. Please pick it up at the security post." 9. A message from dentist office to a director: "His dental appointment is at 6 p.m. today. Please come ten minutes earlier." 10. A message from PY Management to the Finance Manager: "You are invited to the 2018 Trend Seminar at 10 a.m. this Wednesday at Four Seasons Hotel. Please call back on this number in case of problems." 11. A message from Private Real Estate to Mrs. Linda Wong: "Susan from Private Real Estate will show you the property on Thursday at 2 p.m. Please reply to this number if you need to change the time." 12. A message from Ms. Jennifer Supit to the Finance Manager: "Could you tell him that Jennifer Supit called and I'm in the office all day if he can call me back." 13. A message from ABC Bank to Mr. Tommy Siregar: "We have witnessed unusual activity with your account. Please call back as soon as possible." 14. A message from Bank Harapan to Indra Jaya: "Your renewal payment is now overdue. Please contact us on 445-6783 URGENTLY to discuss your policy." 15. A message from Mr. Yoppi Chan to the director: "Trusted Bank reminds you of your appointment at 23 Newington Way on Monday, 13th of August at 10 a.m. Your account manager is Timothy Jackson."

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129. Arrange the following sentences to form a sequential paragraph. (1) Therefore, they rely on sunshine for warmth. (2) They belong to a group of 3,800 scaly-skinned reptiles. (3) This is why they live in warm climates. (4) Lizards are reptiles. (5) Besides, they bask in the sun for hours each day. (6) They cannot control their own body heat. Adopted from: John Farndon, 1000 Facts on Animals. Essex, Miles Kelly Publishing Ltd, 2001. A. 1-4-2-6-3-5 B. 2-4-1-6-3-5 C. 4-2-6-1-3-5 D 2-4-1-6-3-5 130. Arrange the following sentences to form a sequential paragraph. (1) This "exchange" happens in the atmosphere, allowing the rays of the sun to pass and the Earth's heat to return to its source. (2) This causes the Earth's temperature increases. (3) What is "the green house effect"? (4) If the atmosphere is polluted, the rays of the sun can pass. (5) The Earth is warmed by the sun and in return emits heat into space. (6) However, because the Earth cannot return enough heat through the atmosphere, the balance between heat coming and going is altered. A. 5-1-3-4-6-2 B. 3-5-4-1-2-6 C. 3-5-1-4-6-2 D. 4-6-2-3-5-1

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my family and I are in Yogyakarta now.We are hiking a small mountain in Gunung Kidul.Over there , some people are pitching a tent right now.We will also do it later.Can you hear the sound of the river? It sounds so natural.right?Oh , some people are rafting in the river now.Oh.behind me there are some bikers .They are riding mountain bikes .How cool! I want to have a mountain bike too when graduate . Wait who’s that on a horse’?Oh , that’s Ellie!She’s not hiking!She’s riding a horse! Activity 17 Based on the text in Activity 16 ,answer the following questions. 1.Where are Ed and his family? 2 . What is he doing in the video? 3 .Who are pitching a tent? 4 . What are the people behind Ed doing? 5. Are the people in the river rafting? 6. Is Ellie hiking with Ed? 7.What are you doing right now? 8.What is your friend beside you doing? 9. My family and i are Yogyakarta now.We are hiking.... The word we refers to..... 10. What are they do in Yogyakarta?

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